gum rosin
gum rosin
CAS: 8050-09-7
Molecular Formula: C19H29COOH
gum rosin - Names and Identifiers
| Name | gum rosin |
| Synonyms | Rosin Colophony gum rosin GUM ROSIN COLOPHONY Wood rosin Pine rosin COLOPHONIUM FF WOOD ROSIN STAYBELITE RESIN CHINESE GUM ROSIN HYDROGENATED ROSIN BRAZILIAN GUM ROSIN Rosin Solder Flux Fume Disproportionated rosin (4aR)-7-isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid |
| CAS | 8050-09-7 |
| EINECS | 232-475-7 |
| InChI | InChI=1/C20H30O2/c1-13(2)14-6-8-16-15(12-14)7-9-17-19(16,3)10-5-11-20(17,4)18(21)22/h7,12-13,16-17H,5-6,8-11H2,1-4H3,(H,21,22)/t16?,17?,19-,20?/m1/s1 |
gum rosin - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | C19H29COOH |
| Molar Mass | 302.451 |
| Density | 1,07 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 70-72°C |
| Boling Point | 439.5°C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point | 180°C |
| Water Solubility | Soluble in alcohol, benzene, ether. Insoluble in water |
| Solubility | chloroform: 0.1g/mL, clear, strongly yellow |
| Vapor Presure | 5.96E-09mmHg at 25°C |
| Appearance | Powder/Solid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.07～1.08 |
| Color | Dark yellow |
| Exposure Limit | NIOSH: TWA 0.1 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,8266 |
| Storage Condition | Room Temperature |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. |
| Refractive Index | 1.541 |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Rosin obtained by the removal of turpentine by direct heat or steam distillation. Usually light yellow to tan. Density 1.07~1.09. The acid value is not less than 150. The quality is better than wood rosin, the color is lighter, the acidity is bigger, the softening point is higher. |
| Use | It is used to make washing soap, metal soap, varnish, ink, welding materials, insulating materials, etc., and is used as a sizing agent for paper and a softener for increasing the adhesion of rubber. |
gum rosin - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | 43 - May cause sensitization by skin contact |
| Safety Description | S24 - Avoid contact with skin. S37 - Wear suitable gloves. |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | VL0480000 |
| FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 10-21 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| HS Code | 38061010 |
gum rosin - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | gum rosin |
gum rosin - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| Introduction | the main component of rosin is a compound composed of resin acid with molecular formula C20H3002, the resin acid is a monocarboxylic acid containing two double bonds with tricyclic phenanthrene skeleton, and the double bond of rosin is a conjugated double bond with strong chemical activity, so it is usually necessary to hydrogenate it, treatment such as disproportionation reaction to produce stabilized Rosin. Among them, the amount of disproportionated rosin used in the market is relatively large due to the low production cost relative to hydrogenated Rosin. |
| natural resin | rosin is mainly extracted from the secretion of pine, which is an extremely rich natural resin, it is also a renewable resource. The composition of rosin is slightly different with the origin of raw materials and processing methods. It is mainly a mixture of resin acid and a small amount of neutral substances, in which Resin acid is the main component, accounting for more than 90% of the total. Resin acid is a general term for a class of isomers of molecular formula C19H29COOH, can be divided into conjugated double bond type (abietic acid type) Resin acid, non-conjugated double bond type (pimaric acid type) resin acids and Dehydro, hydrogenated resin acids. Due to its structural characteristics, Rosin has many excellent properties, such as anti-corrosion, moisture-proof, insulation, adhesion, emulsification and so on, so it is widely used in materials, chemistry, chemical industry, electronic industry, various fields of medicine and pesticides. Rosin according to different sources of raw materials, can be divided into :( 1) Rosin. From Pine standing wood collection of pine resin processing (see resin processing). (2) wood rosin. Obtained from extraction of iminoids (resin-rich wood). (3) floating oil rosin. The floating oil of wood pulp obtained from kraft pulping of conifers was obtained by fractionation. Since the 80 s of the 20th century, the world's annual production of rosin hovers around 1.1 million tons, of which 60-65% of gum rosin, wood rosin accounted for 12-15%, floating oil rosin accounted for 23-27%. Rosin production countries have China, the United States, the Soviet Union, Portugal, Mexico, India, Sweden, Spain, Finland, Poland, Greece, the Federal Republic of Germany, France and other about 30 countries. China is rich in rosin, and the annual output of rosin reached 400,000 tons in the early 80's. It has become the country with the largest production and largest export volume in the world. In the United States, the oil rosin is mainly produced, followed by wood rosin, and the gum rosin is rare. The former Soviet Union mainly produces gum rosin, followed by wood rosin, and the floating oil rosin is still less. |
| component | rosin is mainly composed of resin acids, accounting for about 85-90%, and the rest are fatty acids and neutral substances. The resin acid has a monocarboxylic acid (molecular formula C20H30O2) with one tricyclic phenanthrene skeleton and two double bonds, but it is also found that the structure is different from that of the two carboxyl groups. There are 13 kinds of resin acids that have been identified, resin acids are generally classified into two main types, abietic acid type Resin acid and pimaric acid type Resin acid, according to different positions of double bonds in the resin acid structure and different substituents attached to C- 13. Abietic acid resin acid is linked to an isopropyl group at the C- 13 position, has a conjugated double bond, is easily isomerized by heat or acid, is easily oxidized, and shows a strong absorption spectrum in the ultraviolet region. The pimaric Resin acid (8-11 in the figure) is attached to a methyl group and a vinyl group at the C- 13 position. The two double bonds are non-conjugated because they are relatively stable to thermal and acid isomerism and have weak absorption in the ultraviolet region. The content of fatty acid in fatty acid gum rosin is less than 6%, and the content of fatty acid in floating oil rosin is more. It contains saturated fatty acids such as lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and the like, among which palmitic acid is predominant. Unsaturated fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid, the content of about 80 ~ 90% of the total fatty acids. The neutral substance Rosin contains 6-7% of the neutral substance, and its composition is extremely complex. It is mainly composed of monoterpenes, monoterpene alcohols, sesquiterpenes and diterpene hydrocarbons, diterpene aldehydes and diterpene alcohols. Figure 1 is the structure of resin acid |
| identification | The medicinal material was irregular translucent granular or mass-like. Surface light yellow to red-brown, often a layer of yellow-white frost powder. At room temperature, it is hard and brittle, fragile, with bright cross-section, glass-like luster and turpentine aroma. When heated, it softens and then melts, producing yellow-brown smoke when burning. A yellow-brown emulsion was formed by cogrinding with water. With large particles, light color, translucent, oily, strong smell is better. Physical and Chemical identification (1) take 0.1g of powder, add 5ml of petroleum ether, shake, filter, take 2ml of filtrate, add 4ml of 10% acetic acid ketone solution, shake, the petroleum ether layer shows blue-green. (2) take 0.1g of powder, add 5ml of acetic anhydride, slightly heat to dissolve, after cold, add 1 drop of concentrated sulfuric acid, the initial purplish red, then changed to Corydalis. |
| Application | Rosin has many excellent characteristics, such as corrosion resistance, moisture resistance, insulation, adhesion, emulsification, softening and so on. As early as 1700 years ago, "Shen Nong Herbal Classic" will be turpentine as a drug use. According to statistics, there are more than 400 uses of rosin, mainly: 1. Paper Industry rosin with caustic soda saponification, made of rubber, and sulfuric acid alumina, into the pulp, so that the paper is not easy to write through the ink, and easy to print. 2. The ink industry can be used as the ink carrier, with good compatibility. 3. The calcium salt and sodium salt made from rosin in the paint industry make the paint bright in color, dry quickly, and increase the hardness and water resistance of the paint film. 4. Soap industrial rosin is saponified with caustic soda to generate pine soap, which has great detergency, is easily soluble in water, has good foaming property, and can dissolve grease, and is made into soap. The food industry, as a food additive, is used in the production of chewing gum and can also be used in the preparation of beverages. Depilatory agents composed of rosin and cottonseed oil may also be used in meat processing. Pharmaceutical, pesticide industry in medical plaster, insulation paste Rosin softening, adhesion, moisture, anti-corrosion effect. Rosin can be made into a fungicidal agent. It can also be used in the emulsification of pesticides, and the insecticidal emulsion can be prepared. In the flux of electronic industry, rosin can remove the oxide film on the metal surface, which is helpful to the development of flux. Other rosin can make the raw gum to soften, improve elasticity, increase viscosity, improve its tear strength. Can be prepared into insulating oil, used as cable protective film, can also be used for battery sealing paint. In the printing and dyeing formula, Rosin plays a role of adhesive adhesion, and the addition of rosin in silk and waterproof card can play a role of waterproof and temperature resistance. An impregnating agent composed of rosin and wax, butylated hydroxytoluene, oleic acid, water and the like can make a water-permeable building material hydrophobic. Rosin is used as a foaming agent in cement. As a sealing material can be used in ship manufacturing. Rosin can be used in the formulation of metal polishing agent, and can also be used as metal cutting fluid base material. Rosin can also be used in military production as a detonator, hand-shelled fuse, and match igniter. Rosin as a natural raw material, there are still some shortcomings, such as easy oxidation, low softening point, easy crystallization and so on. In order to improve the use effect and expand the application range, the chemical characteristics of rosin must be used for modification. At the same time, the use of the Department for their own development, the rosin is also put forward higher requirements. Therefore, through the chemical modification of rosin, artificially give it a variety of excellent properties, made a series of deep processing products. (2015-10-23) |
| prospects | in order to improve the stability of rosin, improve its physical properties, expand the scope of use and improve the use value, the rosin is usually modified or prepared into a Rosin derivative before utilization. Such as hydrogenated Rosin, disproportionated Rosin, polymerized rosin, maleic Rosin, rosin ester, Rosin salt, rosin amine, chlorinated Rosin, Rosin alcohol, Rosin modified unsaturated polyester, Rosin modified phenolic resin, etc. The trend of development of rosin is to cultivate high-yield varieties of pine, establish a base for fat collection, and expand the source of raw materials; Combine with the paper industry to develop floating oil rosin to meet the growing needs of the world for Rosin; continue to develop advanced processing products of rosin, and expand the new field of rosin utilization. |
| toxicity | can be used safely in foods (FDA,§ 172.615,2000). |
| usage limit | GB 2760-1996:GMP is limited. |
| Use | Gum Chew; Coating agent. used in soap, paper, ink, paint and other industries mainly used in soap, paper, ink, paint, paint, adhesive, rubber, flux, used in the manufacture of disproportionated Rosin acid soap, as styrene-butadiene rubber, Chloroprene Rubber, Nitrile Rubber and its latex, ABS and other polymer polymerization emulsifier widely used in soap, paper, paint, ink, rubber, matches, plastics, pharmaceutical, printing and dyeing, mechanical and electrical industrial sectors. Distribution of uses in Japan (Statistics in): sizing agent 37% coating 8% synthetic rubber emulsifier 25% adhesive 8% printing ink 13% floor tile glue 6% used for making soap for washing, metal soap, varnish, ink, welding materials, insulation materials, etc., and used as paper sizing agent and increase the adhesion of rubber softening agent. disproportionated Rosin is a kind of modified rosin, and its main component is dehydroabietic acid. Stable performance, often made of potassium soap, used as synthetic rubber emulsifier. It is also an important raw material for the production of adhesive and chewing gum. |
| production method | gum rosin is obtained by directly using oil-containing raw rosin extracted from living pine trees as raw material and removing turpentine by steam distillation, this is the main method of rosin production in China. The floating oil rosin is obtained by washing, acid hydrolysis, oil-water separation, drying and dehydration, preheating, vacuum fractionation and the like, using crude floating oil on the surface of waste liquid produced from sulfite wood pulp as a raw material. Wood rosin is made from pine stump, Pine root, pine wood fragments and other raw materials. After crushing, screening, extraction with solvent such as gasoline, extraction, precipitation, decolorization, evaporation and recovery of solvent, the product was obtained by fractionation. it is refined by steam stripping after esterification of partially hydrogenated wood rosin and pentaerythritol. |
| category | relatively flammable solid |
| toxicity grade | high toxicity |
| Acute toxicity | oral-rat LD50: 3.0 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 2.2 mg/kg |
| explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
| flammability hazard characteristics | in case of open flame, high temperature, flammable oxidant |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from the oxidant |
| extinguishing agent | water, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
Last Update：2024-04-09 21:01:54
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Raw Materials for gum rosin